recipient; beneficiary; pensioner
Refers to a person who receives regular payments, benefits, or a pension, often in an official or administrative context.
The number of pension recipients is increasing year by year.
Recipients of welfare benefits are subject to periodic reviews.
受給者 is the person who receives something (e.g. benefits or aid), the opposite role from 提供者, who gives or supplies it.
Compound of 受給 (receiving payments/benefits) and 者 (person). The exact historical derivation is straightforward from the kanji components.