noun
A person who studies or teaches philosophy; also used figuratively for a deep thinker.
彼は大学で哲学者として有名だ。
He is famous as a philosopher at the university.
あの老人はまるで哲学者のように深いことを言う。
That old man says profound things just like a philosopher.
思想家 is a broader term for a thinker or intellectual, not necessarily limited to academic philosophy.
Compound of 哲学 (philosophy) + 者 (person).