noun
letter of inquiry; written enquiry
A formal letter sent to request information, often used in business or official contexts.
取引先に問い合わせ状を送付しました。
We sent a letter of inquiry to the business partner.
問い合わせ is a general inquiry (verbal or written), while 問い合わせ状 specifically refers to a formal written letter of inquiry.
Compound of 問い合わせ (inquiry) + 状 (letter, document).