topography; geographical description
Refers to the description or study of the physical and human features of a specific region; often used in academic or reference contexts.
The scholars compiled a geographical description of that region.
This topography contains detailed information about the region's history and industries.
He is studying the topography of Japan at university.
風土記 is an old-style regional record often covering history, customs, and lore, whereas 地誌 is more strictly a systematic geographical description.
地史 (same reading as 地誌) means the geological history of the earth's crust, not a description of a region's physical and human features.
regional geography; topography
Compound of 地 (chi, 'land') and 誌 (shi, 'record' or 'document'), literally meaning 'land record'.