打うち消けし

う

ち

け

し

Common wordJLPTN1Freq.FrequencyTop 50,000

Meanings

noun

negation; negative; denial

linguistics

A noun used especially in grammar and linguistics for negation or a negative form; it can also describe the act or function of denying or negating a statement.

文ぶん末まつの「ない」は打うち消けしを表あらわす。
The sentence-final nai expresses negation.
「行いかない」は「行いく」の打うち消けしです。
Ikanai is the negative of iku.

Usage patterns

〈語ご〉の打うち消けしの形かたちthe negative form of a word
「食たべない」は「食たべる」の打うち消けしの形かたちです。
"Tabenai" is the negative form of "taberu."
打うち消けしの助じょ動どう詞しa negation auxiliary verb
「ない」は打うち消けしの助じょ動どう詞しです。
"Nai" is a negation auxiliary verb.
〈事こと〉を打うち消けしにするto negate something (a statement, fact)
その発はつ言げんを打うち消けしにする証しょう拠こが出でてきた。
Evidence emerged that negates that statement.

Kanji

打strike, hit, knock
消extinguish, blow out, turn off

Related words

否ひ定ていN3
否定 is the general, everyday word for denial or negation, while 打ち消し is a narrower grammatical term for negative forms or negating expressions.
否ひ認にんN1
否認 is a formal term for denying a fact, allegation, or responsibility, whereas 打ち消し is specifically used in grammar for negative expressions.

Opposites

肯こう定ていN2
肯定 means affirmation or the positive form, the direct grammatical opposite of 打ち消し (negation).

Don't confuse with

打うち切きり
打ち切り looks similar in form to 打ち消し but means 'discontinuation' or 'cutting off', not negation.

Written forms

打うち消けしUsage69%
Most learner-friendly and high-priority spelling, using okurigana after 打ち.
打うち消けしUsage23%
Attested compact spelling without okurigana; less friendly for learners and less common in ordinary prose.
打うち消けしUsage8%
Attested variant with less okurigana; understandable in grammar or linguistic contexts.

Etymology

A noun form related to the verb 打ち消す, meaning to negate or deny. The kanji spelling transparently combines 打ち with 消し, but the exact historical development is not specified.