significance test; test of significance
A statistical procedure used to determine whether observed data provide sufficient evidence to reject a null hypothesis. Used in mathematics and statistics.
We performed a significance test on this data.
As a result of the significance test, the p-value was less than 0.05.
仮説検定 (hypothesis testing) is a broader framework that includes significance testing as a component. 有意性検定 specifically refers to the test for statistical significance.
Compound of 有意性 (significance) and 検定 (test, verification). The term is a direct translation of the English 'significance test' and is used in statistical contexts.