matriarchy; matrilineal system
Refers to a social system where descent and inheritance are traced through the female line, or where women hold primary power. Often used in anthropological or historical contexts.
That tribe has a matrilineal system.
In a matrilineal society, property is passed from mother to daughter.
Compound of 母系 (ぼけい, 'maternal line') + 制 (せい, 'system'). The term is a modern coinage used in anthropology and sociology.