taru-adjective, adverb taking the 'to' particle
bleak and desolate scene; all nature looking forlorn
Literary yojijukugo describing a landscape that appears completely barren and dreary as far as the eye can see. Often used with たる or と.
The winter wilderness was a scene of utter desolation.
After the earthquake, the town looked completely devastated.
荒涼 is a noun or na-adjective meaning 'desolate' or 'bleak', while 満目荒涼 is a fixed yojijukugo phrase emphasizing that the entire visible landscape is desolate.
A yojijukugo composed of 満目 (everywhere the eye can see) and 荒涼 (desolate, bleak). The exact historical origin is uncertain, but it follows classical Chinese literary patterns.