炭たん鉱こう労ろう働どう者しゃ

• 炭たん鉱こう

  炭鉱 means 'coal mine' (the place), while 炭鉱労働者 refers specifically to the person who works there.

• 鉱こう夫ふ

  鉱夫 is a more general term for 'miner' (any kind of mine), whereas 炭鉱労働者 explicitly specifies a coal miner.

Compound of 炭鉱 (coal mine) + 労働者 (worker).