A licensed professional who cuts, styles, and shaves hair, typically in a barbershop setting. In Japan, 理容師 is legally distinct from 美容師 (beautician), focusing on cutting and shaving rather than makeup and perms.
He got his barber's license and opened his own shop.
理容師になるには国家試験に合格しなければならない。
To become a barber, you must pass the national exam.
美容師 is a beautician who styles hair and offers beauty treatments for men and women, while 理容師 is a barber who mainly cuts and shaves men's hair.
Compound of 理容 (riyō, 'barbering, hairdressing') + 師 (shi, 'master, professional'). 理容 itself is from 理 (ri, 'arrange, manage') and 容 (yō, 'appearance, form').