karma mandala; three-dimensional mandala with deity sculptures
In Shingon Buddhism, one of the four types of mandala (四種曼荼羅), representing the actions and activities of the deities in sculptural form.
See also: 四種曼荼羅 (ししゅまんだら)
The karma mandala is a mandala in which Buddhist statues are arranged three-dimensionally.
The four types of mandala in Shingon; 羯磨曼荼羅 is the karma mandala, one of the four.
From Sanskrit karma (action) and maṇḍala (circle), via Chinese. The term refers to the mandala representing the activities of the deities.