also: とねり
General term for a male attendant or servant in a noble or imperial household.
The servant took care of his master's personal needs.
close attendant to the emperor or imperial family
Archaic; refers to someone who served in close proximity to the emperor or imperial family, often with duties beyond simple servitude.
low-ranking official under the ritsuryō system
Archaic; a specific bureaucratic rank for those serving the imperial family or nobility in the ritsuryō state.
ox-tender; horse boy
Archaic; a servant responsible for tending oxen or horses, especially for carts.
honorary junior official of the Imperial Household Department's Board of Ceremonies
A specific modern-era title for a junior official involved in miscellaneous ceremonial duties; cross-referenced with 宮内省.
See also: 宮内省
The attendant served close to the emperor within the palace.
Under the ritsuryō system, the toneri was a low-ranking official who managed noble households.
The ox-tender led the oxcart to transport his master.
The toneri of the Imperial Household Department handled miscellaneous ceremonial tasks.
Standard kanji form for the historical role; reading とねり is the most common.
On-reading variant, mainly encountered in historical or bureaucratic contexts.
Old character form; 舍 is the kyūjitai of 舎.
The reading とねり is a jukujikun, with the kanji 舎 (house) and 人 (person) suggesting a person attached to a household. The exact origin of the word is uncertain.