Refers to ancestral line or descent, often used for animals (e.g., racehorses, dogs) as well as humans. Can carry a formal or biological nuance.
This horse carries on the bloodline of a famous racehorse.
This dog has a good pedigree.
He comes from a distinguished lineage.
This dog has good pedigree, so it sells for a high price.
At the ranch, they are careful about breeding to preserve a pure bloodline.
血統 specifically means bloodline or pedigree, while 系統 can mean family lineage but also applies to systems, categories, and scientific strains.
遺伝 is the general biological term for genetic inheritance, while 血統 emphasizes family lineage or pedigree, often used for animals or noble families.
血統 emphasizes pure biological bloodline, often used for animals or pedigree, while 系譜 covers both blood lineage and figurative lineage of ideas or traditions.
血統 (けっとう) refers specifically to bloodline or genetic descent, while 系統 (けいとう) means a system or lineage of classification more generally, and the two words sound similar.
Compound of 血 (blood) and 統 (lineage, system). The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the combination naturally conveys the concept of bloodline or pedigree.