dispensing pharmacy; pharmacy (that fills prescriptions)
Refers specifically to a pharmacy that prepares and dispenses medication based on a doctor's prescription, as opposed to a drugstore selling over-the-counter products.
There is a dispensing pharmacy next to the hospital.
I took my prescription and went to the dispensing pharmacy.
薬局 is a broader term for any pharmacy or drugstore, including those that sell over-the-counter medicines. 調剤薬局 specifically prepares and dispenses prescription drugs.
ドラッグストア is a drugstore that sells a wide range of health, beauty, and daily items, often with limited prescription services. 調剤薬局 focuses on filling prescriptions.
Compound of 調剤 (dispensing, compounding medicine) and 薬局 (pharmacy).