deviator stress
In soil mechanics and triaxial testing, the difference between the major and minor principal stresses (σ₁ − σ₃).
In triaxial compression tests, strain softening may be observed after the deviator stress reaches its peak.
偏差応力 (deviatoric stress) is a more general continuum mechanics term, while 軸差応力 specifically refers to the axial difference in triaxial conditions.
Compound of 軸 (axis), 差 (difference), and 応力 (stress). A direct calque of the English term 'deviator stress' used in geotechnical engineering.