US Supreme Court Justice; Associate Justice of the US Supreme Court
Refers specifically to a justice of the United States Supreme Court. The term is a compound of 連邦 (federal), 最高裁 (Supreme Court), and 判事 (judge/justice).
US Supreme Court Justices are appointed for life.
She served as a US Supreme Court Justice for many years.
Refers to a justice of the Supreme Court of Japan. 連邦最高裁判事 is specifically for the US federal Supreme Court.
Abbreviation for the US Supreme Court as an institution, not the individual justice.
Compound of 連邦 (federal), 最高裁 (Supreme Court, abbreviation of 最高裁判所), and 判事 (judge/justice).