teacher's grade book; teacher's mark book
Colloquial term for a teacher's record of student grades, attendance, or behavior. Often carries a slightly ominous or humorous tone, likening the teacher to Enma, the judge of the dead.
The teacher opened the grade book and checked who had forgotten their homework.
I heard that teacher's mark book even records students' minor behaviors.
book of sins; Enma's ledger
In Buddhist belief, the record in which King Enma notes the good and evil deeds of the living, used to judge them after death. This is the original, literal meaning.
See also: 閻魔
It was believed that all of one's deeds in life were recorded in Enma's ledger.
成績表 is a standard, neutral term for a report card or grade report. 閻魔帳 is a colloquial, somewhat playful term for a teacher's internal record book.
Compound of 閻魔 (Enma, the Buddhist judge of the dead) and 帳 (ledger, book). Originally referred to the book in which Enma records human deeds; later extended colloquially to a teacher's grade book.