also: くろけむり
noun
black smoke
Refers to dark, often thick smoke, typically from fires, engines, or industrial sources.
工場から黒煙が上がっている。
Black smoke is rising from the factory.
車の排気口から黒煙が出ていた。
Black smoke was coming out of the car's exhaust pipe.
Kana spelling reflecting the colloquial reading くろけむり; used in informal or spoken contexts.
白煙 means white smoke, often from steam or clean combustion, while 黒煙 specifically refers to dark, sooty smoke.
Compound of 黒 (black) and 煙 (smoke). The reading こくえん is the standard on'yomi, while くろけむり is a mixed kun'yomi reading used colloquially.