noun
t-distribution
A probability distribution used in statistics, especially for small sample sizes or when the population variance is unknown. Technical term in mathematics.
ｔ分布は、母分散が未知の場合の仮説検定でよく使われる。
The t-distribution is often used in hypothesis testing when the population variance is unknown.
正規分布 (normal distribution) is the limiting distribution of the t-distribution as degrees of freedom increase. The t-distribution has heavier tails, making it more appropriate for small samples.
The term is a direct borrowing from English 't-distribution', where 't' refers to the test statistic introduced by William Sealy Gosset under the pseudonym 'Student'. The Japanese form combines the Latin letter 't' with 分布 (distribution).