Kotomora
JLPT N1Construction
Furigana

ぜんA more basic issue comes first

This use rejects a proposed question as premature: before that question can even be discussed, a more basic requirement, obstacle, or defect must be addressed.

Move the discussion back one level

The noun or question before ぜん names the issue someone wants to evaluate. The rest of the sentence then gives a genuinely more basic fact that prevents the discussion from reaching that issue.

A proposed evaluation is premature

このかくおもしろいかどうかぜんさんとおしがっていない。

Before we can even ask whether this project is interesting, there is no clear budget outlook.

Analyze

The speaker is not yet judging how interesting the project is. The lack of a workable budget comes first.

The fixed problem frame

かれえんじゅつぜんもんだいで、台詞せりふおぼえていない。

His acting has a problem more basic than technique: he has not learned his lines.

Analyze

The second issue must really come first

This construction does more than replace one criticism with another. It presents the later point as a prerequisite or lower-level defect: safety before design, eligibility before selection, or basic preparation before judging skill.

Positive and negative alternatives

けいやくするしないぜんあいかいしゃじつざいするかかくにんすべきだ。

Before deciding whether to sign a contract, we should verify that the other company actually exists.

Analyze

Whether to sign is the proposed decision; confirming that the company exists is the logically prior step.

Three different ways to reject an issue

どころか corrects A by giving an opposite or more extreme B. どころではない says that present circumstances leave no room for A. はともかく temporarily sets A aside. By contrast, ぜん says that A cannot yet be evaluated because a more basic issue comes first.

More examples

このみせあじぜんもんだいで、ちゅうぼうえいせいかんができていない。

This restaurant has a problem more basic than taste: its kitchen hygiene is not being properly managed.

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便べんかどうかぜん、このアプリはどうしない。

Before we can even ask whether this app is convenient, it does not launch.

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てるかどうかぜん、まだしゅつじょうかくていない。

Before discussing whether we can win, we have not even qualified to compete yet.

Analyze

さいようするしないぜんおうしょるいがそろっていない。

Before deciding whether to hire the applicant, the application documents are not even complete.

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かれめるどころか、それぜんじつかんけいかくにんするひつようがある。

Far from blaming him, before that we need to establish the facts.

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かいかくあんうているが、げんこうせいじったいさえあくされていないなら、それぜんもんだい

People are debating the merits of the reform proposal, but if the current system itself is not understood, there is a more fundamental problem.

Analyze
以前 (izen) – A more basic issue comes first