Kotomora
JLPT N1ConstructionFormal
Furigana

こととてGiven the circumstances; because

こととて presents a circumstance as the reason for what follows, often with an appeal to understand or allow for that circumstance. It is markedly formal, literary, and old-fashioned.

How it works

The first part names a circumstance, and the following part gives the action or result explained by it. In apology-like contexts, the tone is often “please take this circumstance into account,” but the expression can also explain neutral or favorable results.

Formal explanations

The circumstance must genuinely help explain what follows; formality alone does not make an implausible reason sound natural.

へいしゃたんとうしゃれであったこととてかくにんかんようしましたことをおわびもうげます。

We sincerely apologize that verification took so long, as our representative was inexperienced.

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The reason is acknowledged within a formal apology; it does not cancel the apology or deny responsibility.

かれながねんこのらしてきたこととてむらふるならわしにもくわしかった。

Having lived in the area for many years, he was also well acquainted with the village's old customs.

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This is a favorable result rather than an excuse: long residence naturally explains his knowledge.

Choosing among similar reason expressions

ものだから is the ordinary conversational choice for an explanation or excuse. ため gives a more neutral cause without the same ceremonious appeal for consideration. とあって instead highlights an exceptional circumstance whose notable outcome is understandable or expected.

More examples

しんじんのこととていたらぬてんございますが、何卒なにとぞようしゃください。

As a newcomer, I have many shortcomings, and respectfully ask for your understanding.

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はじめてのこととてとどかぬてんがございましたらごてきください。

As this is our first time, please point out anything we may have overlooked.

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とつぜんらせでかんじょうどうてんしていたこととてしつれいへんとうをしてしまいました。

I was so shaken by the sudden news that I gave an impolite reply.

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かれようしょうよりてんしたしんできたこととてもんじょかいどくにもろうしなかった。

Having been familiar with the classics since childhood, he had no difficulty deciphering old documents.

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ろうれいのこととてながたび身体からだにこたえた。

Given the traveler's advanced age, the long journey took a physical toll.

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へんきょうちいさなむらのこととて一人ひとりしかいなかった。

As it was a small village in a remote region, there was only one doctor.

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なにぶんにもむかしのこととてせいかくろくのこっておりません。

Since this was so long ago, no accurate records remain.

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