Kotomora
JLPT N1ConstructionWritten
Furigana

えないUnworthy or intolerable to experience

えない judges material or a performance as too poor, objectionable, or distressing to be worth or bear seeing, hearing, reading, or evaluating. It is a strong judgment about the object, not a simple statement that someone is unable to perform the action.

What is being judged

The verb or noun before the expression names the experience or standard that the object fails to withstand. The subject is therefore normally a film, text, recording, performance, image, or other material that can be viewed, read, heard, or evaluated.

Poor quality and intolerable content

The reason for the negative judgment may be poor quality, or it may be content that is painful or morally objectionable.

このえいこうせいがばらばらで、さいまでるにえない

This film is so poorly structured that it is unwatchable to the end.

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Literally: This film cannot withstand being watched to the end.

さいしゃもののようにあつかえいぞうは、るにえない

Footage that treats disaster victims as a spectacle is unbearable to watch.

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Failure to meet an appraisal standard

このほうこくしょこんきょとぼしく、せんもんひょうえない

This report lacks sufficient evidence and does not stand up to expert evaluation.

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Three important boundaries

With an experience or appraisal before it, えない gives the strong negative evaluation taught here. With an emotion noun, the identical form instead says that the emotion is overwhelming. The positive える says that something does stand up to the experience or standard, while りない is a broader judgment that something is insufficient or unworthy.

みなさまのごえんにはかんしゃえません

I am overwhelmed with gratitude for everyone's support.

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Here the noun names an emotion, so this is the separate intensifying use, not a negative judgment about an object.

More examples

このしょうせつおおすぎて、むにえない

This novel has so many errors that it is not worth reading.

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ろくおんじょうたいわるく、このおんげんくにえない

The recording quality is so poor that this audio is unlistenable.

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たいそうごうだったが、かんじんえんかんしょうえなかった

The stage set was lavish, but the acting itself was not fit to be watched.

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そのろんぶんはデータのあつかいがてきせつで、がくじゅつてきひょうえない

The paper handles its data improperly and does not stand up to academic evaluation.

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ちょくげんうつしたしゃしんは、あまりにもいたましく、るにえなかった

The photographs showing the scene immediately after the accident were too painful to look at.

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