Kotomora
JLPT N1ConstructionWritten
Furigana

あいまってFactors combining to produce a result

あいまって says that two or more factors interact or reinforce one another to produce a result. The combined effect may be favorable or unfavorable.

The key idea: a joint effect

The factors must do more than simply exist at the same time. They should interact, strengthen one another, or jointly shape the result that follows. The sentence therefore works best when the connection between the factors and the result is substantial and easy to see.

Three common frames

The expression can name both factors together, link one factor back to earlier context, or mark one factor as joining other circumstances.

すぐれたきゃくほんはいゆうたちのせんさいえんあいまってさくひんたかひょうた。

The excellent script and the actors' sensitive performances worked together to earn the production high praise.

Analyze

Both contributing factors are stated explicitly.

このいきではわかものりゅうしゅつつづいている。しょうあいまっていきけいざいしゅくしょうそくしている。

Young people continue to leave this region. Combined with the falling birthrate, this is accelerating the contraction of the local economy.

Analyze

The other factor—the continued departure of young people—is supplied by the preceding sentence.

げんざいりょうこうとうくわえ、ひとそくあいまっておおくのいんしょくてんげをなくされた。

Rising raw-material costs, compounded by labor shortages, forced many restaurants to raise their prices.

Analyze

The marked factor joins the previously named cost increase and worsens the outcome.

Joint effect versus simple addition

くわえて adds another fact or item. あいまって makes the stronger claim that the factors work together and matter jointly to the result.

こうせいのうだんねつざいこうりつてきかんシステムがあいまってたてものしょうでんりょくおおはばった。

The high-performance insulation and efficient ventilation system worked together to reduce the building's power consumption substantially.

Analyze

The sentence presents the two features as jointly producing the reduction.

こうせいのうだんねつざいくわえておくじょうにはたいようこうパネルもせっされている。

In addition to high-performance insulation, solar panels have also been installed on the roof.

Analyze

This merely adds another feature; it does not assert that the two features interact to produce a particular result.

More examples

おんだんこうこうつうもうせいあいまって、このいきねんかんつうじておおくのかんこうきゃくあつめている。

The mild climate and improved transport network work together to attract many tourists to the region throughout the year.

Analyze

せいえんさくへのひょうひろがり、けいかいふくへのたいあいまってかぶじょうしょうつづけた。

Growing approval of the government's support measures, together with expectations of an economic recovery, kept stock prices rising.

Analyze

ながかんばつとせつろうきゅうあいまってみずそくいちだんしんこくになった。

The prolonged drought and aging infrastructure combined to make the water shortage even more serious.

Analyze

しんせいひんそうせいおおはばかいぜんした。せんれんされたデザインとあいまってはばひろそうからあつめている。

The new product greatly improved ease of use. Combined with its sophisticated design, this has won support from a broad range of consumers.

Analyze

ことなるぶんけんほうげんデータがあいまってじつようせいたかぶんせきのうになった。

Knowledge from different fields and abundant field data worked together to make highly practical analysis possible.

Analyze

かんかいわるさとはげしいあめあいまってけんせいたかまった。

Poor nighttime visibility and heavy rain combined to increase the risk of accidents.

Analyze
と相まって (toaimatte) – Factors combining to produce a result