Kotomora
JLPT N5Copula
Furigana

ですAffirmative noun endings

These endings complete an affirmative sentence whose main description is a noun. Use in plain style and です in polite style.

What these endings express

The noun can identify or classify someone or something, but the pattern is not limited to simple identity. It also gives occupations, nationalities, ages, names, times, dates, and similar noun-based descriptions.

The same statement in two styles

The basic meaning stays the same; the relationship and situation determine which style fits.

あにかいしゃいん

My older brother is a company employee.

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Plain style.

あにかいしゃいんです

My older brother is a company employee.

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Polite style.

Nonpast does not mean only right now

These forms can describe the present, a general fact, or a future situation made clear by context. Japanese does not require a separate future ending here.

Common noun-based descriptions

いまさん

It is three o'clock now.

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明日あしたやすみです

Tomorrow is a day off.

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The time word makes the future meaning clear.

なかさんはしゃです

Mr. Tanaka is a doctor.

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More examples

このねこまえミミです

This cat's name is Mimi.

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いもうとじゅっさいです

My younger sister is ten years old.

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アナさんはブラジルじん

Ana is Brazilian.

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クジラはにゅうるい

Whales are mammals.

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つぎかいきんようです

The next meeting is on Friday.

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ここはしょかん

This is a library.

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