しかしHowever; but
しかし begins a new sentence or part of an explanation that opposes, corrects, or limits what was just said. It often corresponds to “however” in organized English.
How the contrast works
The first statement creates a direction or expectation. しかし then signals that the next complete statement turns against that direction. The contrast should be meaningful, not merely a change of subject or an extra detail.
A clear opposing point
この町は交通が便利です。しかし、家賃は高いです。
This town has convenient transportation. However, the rent is high.
AnalyzeThe second sentence limits the positive impression created by the first.
Where it sounds natural
しかし is useful when presenting two sides of an issue, correcting an earlier conclusion, or moving an explanation in an opposing direction. It is common in essays and reports, but it can also sound natural in careful speech when the speaker is organizing a line of reasoning.
Careful spoken use
新しい案は分かりやすいですね。
The new proposal is easy to understand.
Analyzeしかし、費用が高すぎます。
However, the cost is too high.
AnalyzeThe reply sounds measured and deliberate, as in a meeting or formal discussion.
Choosing the right contrast form
Use しかし for a deliberate new-sentence turn. Sentence-initial でも can make a similar turn but is lighter and more conversational. The endings が, けど, and けれども attach to the preceding clause instead of opening a separate contrasting sentence. それでも specifically means “even so”: the next fact remains true despite the obstacle just mentioned.
More examples
午前中は晴れていました。しかし、午後から雨が降りました。
It was sunny in the morning. However, it rained from the afternoon onward.
Analyzeこの薬はよく効きます。しかし、眠くなることがあります。
This medicine works well. However, it can make you sleepy.
Analyze計画は簡単に見えます。しかし、実行するには時間が必要です。
The plan looks simple. However, carrying it out will take time.
Analyzeその店の料理はおいしいです。しかし、駅から遠いです。
The food at that restaurant is good. However, it is far from the station.
Analyze調査の参加者は多くありませんでした。しかし、結果ははっきりしていました。
The survey did not have many participants. However, the results were clear.
Analyze彼は何度も失敗しました。しかし、研究を続けました。
He failed many times. However, he continued his research.
Analyze