Translation guide
Expresses that something is shut, not open, or not operating. Japanese uses different verbs and adjectives depending on what is closed and whether it is a state or an action.
Describe that something is in a closed state.
The most common way to say something is closed (state). Uses the te-iru form of 閉まる (intransitive).
The door is closed.
Check if the windows are closed.
Also means 'is closed', often used for eyes, books, or things that fold shut. Slightly more formal/literary than 閉まっている.
She has her eyes closed.
The book is closed.
Used for facilities, roads, or accounts being officially closed/shut down. Formal.
The airport is closed.
Say that a business is not operating or has shut for the day.
The standard way to say a shop is closed (not open now).
The store is already closed.
Literally 'not doing business'. More explicit and slightly formal.
They are closed today.
Means 'it's a regular holiday'. Used when a shop is closed on its usual day off.
They are closed on Wednesdays.
Express that someone closes something.
Say that a route is impassable or closed off.
Describe a person who is not receptive.
閉まる is intransitive (something closes by itself), 閉める is transitive (someone closes something). 閉じる can be both intransitive and transitive, but is often used for things that fold or come together like eyes, books, or umbrellas. 閉まっている is the most common way to say 'is closed' for doors and shops.
When a shop is closed (not open for business), use 閉まっている (state). Using 閉める would mean someone is actively closing the shop right now.
Close the book.