Translation guide
The English phrase "be reflected" can refer to light or images bouncing off surfaces, or to abstract qualities being shown or represented. This guide covers natural Japanese expressions for both physical and figurative reflection.
To describe light, images, or sound bouncing off a surface.
The most common and general verb for physical reflection of light, sound, or heat.
My face is reflected in the mirror.
The moon was reflected on the water's surface.
Intransitive verb meaning 'to be reflected' or 'to be visible (as a reflection)'. Often used for images in mirrors, windows, or water.
The mountains are reflected in the window.
The upside-down Mt. Fuji was reflected in the lake.
Transitive verb meaning 'to reflect' or 'to project' an image. Used when someone or something causes the reflection.
The mirror is reflecting my face.
Specifically for light or heat being reflected back, often from a surface like snow or a wall.
The snow reflects the sunlight and it's dazzling.
To say that something shows, represents, or is a sign of something else.
The most common verb for abstract reflection: opinions, trends, values being reflected in something.
His opinion was reflected in the policy.
This novel reflects the society of that time.
Intransitive verb meaning 'to appear' or 'to be expressed'. Used when a feeling or quality shows itself naturally.
Similar to 表れる, but more about physical appearance or emergence. Can be used for abstract things becoming visible.
Transitive verb meaning 'to show' or 'to indicate'. Often used when data or evidence reflects a trend.
To describe the state of being visible as a reflection.
Common phrase meaning 'is reflected in the mirror'. Uses the intransitive 映る in its continuous state form.
My figure is reflected in the mirror.
反射する is for physical reflection of light, sound, heat. 映る is for images being reflected or visible on a surface. 反映する is for abstract reflection of ideas, opinions, or qualities.
Saying 意見が反射する is incorrect. Use 反映する for abstract reflection.
His personality is reflected in his work.
The problem is reflected in the numbers.
このデータは経済成長を反映している。
This data reflects economic growth.