Translation guide
The English word 'circulation' covers several distinct concepts: the movement of blood, the distribution of newspapers/magazines, the movement of air/water, and the spread of information or money. This guide helps learners choose the right Japanese expression for each meaning.
The movement of blood through the body.
The standard term for circulation of blood, air, water, etc. Often used in medical or scientific contexts.
If blood circulation is poor, you may get cold sensitivity.
Specifically refers to blood circulation. Common in everyday health contexts.
The number of copies of a newspaper or magazine sold or distributed.
The continuous movement of air or water in a space or system.
The movement of information, money, or goods among people or places.
While 循環 (junkan) means circulation in the sense of movement, it is not used for the number of copies distributed. Use 発行部数 (hakkō busū) or 販売部数 (hanbai busū) instead.
Exercise promotes blood circulation.
血行が良くなるマッサージ。
A massage that improves blood circulation.
Magazine circulation is declining.
The circulation of the pond water is poor.
暖かい空気は対流で上昇する。
Warm air rises by convection.
Manage the circulation of money.
変な噂が出回っている。
A strange rumor is circulating.