Translation guide
To understand something, often with a nuance of grasping the full meaning or scope. In Japanese, the most common equivalent is 理解する (rikai suru), but other words like 分かる (wakaru) or 把握する (haaku suru) are used depending on context.
To understand or grasp the meaning of something.
The most direct translation for 'comprehend'. It implies a thorough understanding, often of concepts, explanations, or situations.
It was difficult to comprehend his explanation.
Do you fully comprehend this theory?
The most common word for 'understand' in everyday speech. It can also mean 'comprehend' in a more casual sense, but it may lack the nuance of deep, thorough understanding.
I comprehend what you're saying, but I can't agree.
To grasp or comprehend a situation, facts, or the overall picture. Often used in business or formal contexts.
Please comprehend the situation accurately.
To understand something completely, including its implications or deeper meaning.
To understand a language, either spoken or written.
Used for understanding a language, but often replaced by more specific verbs.
He comprehends Japanese, but speaking is difficult.
To comprehend spoken language; to catch what someone says. Specifically for listening comprehension.
To comprehend written language; to read and understand. Often implies grasping the meaning behind the text.
To grasp the nature or significance of a situation.
To include or contain something within a scope. This is a less common, more formal sense of 'comprehend'.
理解する implies a more active, intellectual process of comprehending, often used for complex matters. 分かる is more general and can be used for simple understanding or realization. In casual conversation, 分かる is more natural unless emphasizing deep comprehension.
I don't understand this problem. (simple lack of understanding)
I cannot comprehend this problem. (more emphatic, perhaps due to complexity)
In English, 'comprehend' can sound formal or stilted. In Japanese, 理解する is standard and not overly formal, but in casual speech, 分かる is often sufficient. Avoid directly translating every 'comprehend' as 理解する; consider the naturalness.
I comprehend what you're saying. (natural: 'I get what you're saying.')
She couldn't comprehend why he left.
It's hard to comprehend the scale of the universe.
Do you fully comprehend the instructions?
He comprehended the impermanence of life.
ネイティブの速い英語を聞き取るのは大変だ。
It's hard to comprehend fast native English.
この文章から作者の意図を読み取る。
Comprehend the author's intention from this text.
It took time to comprehend the situation he was in.
その計画は多くの要素を含んでいる。
The plan comprehends many elements.