包ほう含がん

ほ

う

が

ん

Common wordFreq.FrequencyTop 50,000

包含する · noun or participle which takes 'suru'

Form	Positive	Negative
Dictionary	包ほう含がんする	包ほう含がんしない
Polite	包ほう含がんします	包ほう含がんしません
Past polite	包ほう含がんしました	包ほう含がんしませんでした
Past	包ほう含がんした	包ほう含がんしなかった
Te-form	包ほう含がんして	包ほう含がんしないで
Desire	包ほう含がんしたい	包ほう含がんしたくない
Potential	包ほう含がんできる	包ほう含がんできない
Passive	包ほう含がんされる	包ほう含がんされない
Causative	包ほう含がんさせる	包ほう含がんさせない
Causative passive	包ほう含がんさせられる	包ほう含がんさせられない
Volitional	包ほう含がんしよう
Polite volitional	包ほう含がんしましょう
Imperative	包ほう含がんしろ	包ほう含がんするな
Conditional	包ほう含がんすれば	包ほう含がんしなければ
Tara conditional	包ほう含がんしたら	包ほう含がんしなかったら

Meanings

noun, noun or participle which takes 'suru', transitive verb

inclusion; containing; covering

Formal noun and する-verb for including something as a part or element, often in abstract or systematic contexts such as concepts, categories, or conditions.

この条じょう約やくには、環かん境きょう保ほ護ごに関かんする条じょう項こうが包ほう含がんされている。
This treaty includes provisions concerning environmental protection.
新あたらしい定てい義ぎは、より広ひろい概がい念ねんを包ほう含がんしている。
The new definition covers a broader concept.

See all 11 example sentences ›

Usage patterns

〈事こと〉を包ほう含がんするto include/encompass (an idea, element, or condition)
この理り論ろんは複ふく数すうの要よう素そを包ほう含がんしている。
This theory encompasses multiple elements.
〈物もの〉を包ほう含がんする概がい念ねんa concept that includes/covers something
「動どう物ぶつ」は「犬いぬ」を包ほう含がんする概がい念ねんだ。
'Animal' is a concept that includes 'dog'.

Kanji

包wrap, pack up, cover
含contain, include, hold in the mouth

Related words

含ふくむN3
含む is the common everyday verb for 'include' or 'contain', while 包含 is a formal noun/する-verb used for abstract or systematic inclusion.
内ない包ほう
内包 is used mainly in logic, semantics, or mathematics for inclusion or connotation, whereas 包含 is broader and more common in general formal writing.
包ほう括かつ
包括 emphasizes comprehensively summing up or bundling many things together as a whole, while 包含 simply states that one thing contains another as a part.
網もう羅らN1
包含する is a formal synonym meaning 'to contain/include', while 網羅する stresses that nothing is left out.
含がん有ゆう
包含 is a formal word meaning 'to include/encompass' that can apply to abstract concepts as well as substances, whereas 含有 is used specifically for a substance or ingredient being present in something.

Opposites

除じょ外がいN1
除外 means to exclude or leave something out, the direct opposite of 包含's meaning of including something.
排はい除じょN1
包含 means including or encompassing something within a group, the opposite of 排除, which means actively keeping it out.
排はい他た
排他 means excluding others, while 包含 means including or encompassing them.

Don't confuse with

包ほう容よう
包容 shares the kanji 包 but means 'tolerance' or 'acceptance' of people or differences, not the logical/structural 'inclusion' meaning of 包含.

Word family

包ほう含がん的てき
inclusive

Etymology

A Sino-Japanese compound of 包 (wrap, enclose) and 含 (contain, include). The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the spelling is conventionally associated with the meaning of inclusion or containing.