Translation guide
The English word "critical" has several distinct meanings. This guide helps learners choose the right Japanese expression depending on whether they mean "expressing disapproval," "extremely important," "involving careful judgment," or "at a point of crisis."
To describe someone or something that judges severely, points out mistakes, or expresses negative opinions.
The most direct and common adjective meaning "critical" in the sense of expressing disapproval. Used for people, attitudes, or remarks.
He was critical of my proposal.
It's easy to give critical opinions.
Literally "dry/spicy taste," used figuratively for harsh or severe criticism, often in reviews or evaluations.
That film critic is always critical (harsh).
A noun meaning "severe criticism" or "harsh review." Often used with する to mean "criticize harshly."
His new work was critically panned.
To emphasize that something is of crucial importance, often for success or survival.
The most common word for "important." Use 極めて重要 (きわめてじゅうよう) or 非常に重要 (ひじょうにじゅうよう) to strengthen to "critical."
This issue is critical (extremely important).
Means "decisive" or "critical" in the sense of determining the outcome. Often used for moments, factors, or evidence.
Means "essential" or "vital." Often used in the phrase 肝心なのは (the critical thing is...).
Literally "life or death," used in compounds like 死活問題 (a matter of life and death, a critical issue).
To describe thinking, reading, or evaluation that is analytical, objective, and discerning.
The standard term for "critical thinking."
Critical thinking is important in education.
Means "criticism" or "review" in the analytical sense, such as literary or film criticism.
Means "analytical." Can be used when "critical" implies breaking down and examining components.
To describe a situation, especially medical or safety-related, that is dangerously unstable.
Specifically means "critically ill" and is used for a patient's condition when death may be imminent.
He is in critical condition.
Means "critical" in the sense of a crisis or emergency situation.
Means "serious" or "grave." Often used for problems, shortages, or conditions that are critical.
The katakana word クリティカル is used in some technical contexts (e.g., gaming, IT), but it is not a natural translation for most everyday meanings. Use the Japanese words above instead.
重要 is the general word for "important." 決定的 emphasizes that something determines the outcome. 肝心 stresses that something is the essential core or heart of the matter.
Time is critical.
That evidence was critical (decisive).
I missed the critical moment.
肝心なのは中身だ。
What's critical is the content.
That is a critical issue for the company.
He specializes in literary criticism.
A critical (analytical) perspective is necessary.
We fell into a critical situation.
食糧不足は深刻だ。
The food shortage is critical.