Translation guide
The act of causing something to cease to exist or function, ranging from physical demolition to abstract ruin.
To break, demolish, or wreck a physical object or structure.
He broke the window.
Formal or large-scale destruction, often used for buildings or systems.
The earthquake destroyed the building.
To crush, smash, or ruin something by applying pressure. Also used figuratively.
He crushed the empty can with his foot.
To ruin something non-physical, such as hopes, relationships, or plans.
Also used for abstract things like atmosphere or health.
His one remark ruined the atmosphere.
To spoil or ruin something, often used for experiences or plans.
The rain ruined the picnic.
To bring about ruin or downfall, often on a large scale.
To wipe out or obliterate completely, leaving nothing behind.
When something destroys itself or falls apart.
Be careful to distinguish between transitive (壊す) and intransitive (壊れる) verbs. Using the wrong one can change the meaning significantly.
I broke the window.
The window broke.
The scandal destroyed his career.
彼は過去の記憶を消し去りたかった。
He wanted to destroy all memories of the past.