Translation guide
The English word 'energy' covers physical vitality, power resources, and a sense of lively force. This guide helps learners choose the right Japanese expression for each meaning.
The strength and endurance to do things, often related to health or tiredness.
The most common word for physical and mental well-being, vitality, or being in good spirits. Often used in greetings and daily conversation.
How are you? (lit. Are you energetic/well?)
You seem low on energy today.
Physical strength or stamina, often used in contexts of exercise, work, or aging.
I exercise to build up my stamina.
Lately, my physical energy has declined.
Vigor or vitality, often with a nuance of drive or sexual energy. Can sound formal or literary.
He pours his energy into his work.
Sources of power such as electricity, gas, or renewable energy.
The direct loanword for 'energy' in scientific, technical, and everyday contexts about power resources. Used for electricity, fuel, renewable energy, etc.
We need to increase renewable energy.
Motive power, often mechanical or engine-driven. Used in engineering contexts.
A dynamic quality of being active, enthusiastic, or full of life.
Liveliness, vibrancy, or bustle. Often used for places, events, or groups.
This town is full of energy.
The meeting lacked energy.
Force, momentum, or vigor. Can describe a person's energetic action or the impetus of a movement.
Vitality, life force. Slightly more abstract and often used in self-help or health contexts.
The scientific concept of energy as a measurable quantity.
The standard term in physics for energy (kinetic, potential, etc.).
the law of conservation of energy
Use 元気 for personal vitality and well-being. Use エネルギー for power resources and physics. Saying エネルギーがある for a person is possible but sounds like 'I have a lot of drive/power' rather than 'I'm well.'
a child full of energy (vitality)
energy resources
Let's save energy.
この機械は電気を動力としている。
This machine uses electricity as its power source.
彼は勢いよく話し始めた。
He started speaking with great energy.
朝の散歩で活力がわいてくる。
A morning walk gives me energy.