Translation guide
The English verb "expel" covers a range of meanings from physically ejecting something to formally removing someone from an institution. In Japanese, different words are used depending on what is being expelled and the context.
To formally remove someone from a school, club, political party, or other group.
The most common and general term for expelling someone from a group, such as a club, political party, or organization. It implies striking the name off a list.
He was expelled from the party for misconduct.
Specifically for expelling a student from a school. The causative form 退学させる means 'to make someone leave school'.
He was expelled from school for cheating.
A stronger term implying banishment or exile, often used for expelling someone from a country, community, or political group. Can also be used for expelling a person from a position.
The dictator expelled the opposition from the country.
A formal, somewhat old-fashioned term for expelling a student from school. Often used in historical or literary contexts.
He was expelled from school for violating the rules.
To force a foreign national to leave a country, often for legal or political reasons.
To force something out from inside, such as air from the lungs, gas from a machine, or liquid from a container.
A general term for discharging or expelling substances (gas, liquid, waste) from a system or body. Used in both technical and everyday contexts.
The lungs expel carbon dioxide.
The factory is expelling smoke.
To expel something from the mouth or an opening, often with force. Can be used for air, smoke, or words. More vivid than 排出する.
To gush or spout out, often used for liquids or gases expelled under pressure, like a geyser or volcano.
The volcano expelled lava.
To eliminate feces, urine, or other bodily waste.
The standard medical/biological term for excreting waste from the body.
The body expels waste products.
A very common and casual verb meaning 'to put out' or 'to excrete'. Used in everyday speech for bodily functions.
Very casual; can be vague. Use 排泄する in formal or medical contexts.
To force an enemy or unwanted person out of a place, often by military or forceful means.
To drive out or expel someone from a place. Can be used for people, animals, or abstract things. Common in everyday language.
They expelled the enemy from the country.
To expel or wipe out completely, often used in military contexts or for pests. Stronger than 追い出す.
They expelled the enemy forces.
除名 (jomei) is the general term for removal from a group's membership list. 追放 (tsuihō) implies banishment or exile, often with a sense of punishment or permanent exclusion. 退学 (taigaku) is specifically for leaving or being expelled from school; use 退学させる for 'to expel a student'.
While 追放 can be used for expelling someone from a country or organization, it is not natural for school expulsion. Use 退学させる or 放校する instead.
The government expelled the diplomat.
彼は煙を大きく吐き出した。
He expelled a large cloud of smoke.
To expel (waste) in the toilet.
To expel the cat from the room.