Translation guide
The device used to send and receive faxes. In Japanese, the most common term is ファックス, which can refer to both the machine and the document. For clarity, ファクシミリ is more formal, and ファックス機 explicitly means the machine.
Referring to the physical fax machine.
The most common and casual term. Can also mean a fax document, but context usually makes it clear.
ファックスが壊れた。
The fax machine broke.
新しいファックスを買った。
I bought a new fax machine.
Explicitly means 'fax machine'. Used when you need to distinguish the machine from the document.
Formal or technical term. Often used in business settings or manuals.
ファックス機の調子が悪い。
The fax machine is acting up.
We installed a fax machine.