Translation guide
In Japanese, referring to a 'little child' depends on context, age, and formality. The most common and neutral term is 子供 (こども), but there are more specific or affectionate words depending on the situation.
The most common, neutral way to refer to a little child in everyday conversation.
The standard word for 'child' or 'little child'. Can be used for children of various ages, but often implies a young child. Safe in most contexts.
That little child is very energetic.
The little children are playing in the park.
A shorter, slightly more literary or formal version of 子供. Often used in compounds or set phrases.
A little child is crying.
Specifically referring to a very small child, often one who is still learning to walk or talk.
Refers to a toddler or infant, roughly ages 1-5. More formal than 子供, often used in official or educational contexts.
I bought a picture book for little children.
Means 'baby' or 'infant'. Very common for children under about 2 years old. Affectionate.
Literally 'small child'. A descriptive phrase that emphasizes the child's small size. Natural in conversation.
A little child is waving their hand.
Expressing endearment when talking about a little child, often in casual or family settings.
A cute, affectionate suffix added to 子. Often used by parents or close adults. Very casual and warm.
Our little child walked for the first time!
A colloquial, slightly playful term for a small child. Can be used affectionately but might sound a bit rough or teasing depending on context.
Referring to a little child in a respectful or formal setting, such as when talking about someone else's child.
Polite way to refer to someone else's child. The honorific お makes it respectful. Commonly used in formal conversation.
How old is your little child?
Even more polite and formal than お子さん. Often used in customer service or very respectful situations.
While 小さい (ちいさい) means 'little', simply saying 小さい子供 is not wrong but can sound redundant. 子供 alone already implies a young child. Use 小さな子 for emphasis on small size.
子供 is the default, everyday word. 子 is shorter and appears in compounds (e.g., 男の子, 女の子) or literary contexts. Using 子 alone in casual speech can sound abrupt.
Who is that child?
赤ちゃんが寝ている。
The little child (baby) is sleeping.
ちびっ子たちが走り回っている。
The little kids are running around.
お子様ランチはいかがですか。
Would you like a children's meal for your little child?