Translation guide
The idea of a society where advancement is based on ability and achievement rather than birth or wealth. In Japanese, this is often expressed through borrowed terms or descriptive phrases.
Referring to the concept of a meritocratic system or society.
Literally 'ability-ism', this is the most common and natural way to express the concept of meritocracy in Japanese.
この会社は実力主義を採用している。
This company adopts a meritocracy.
Similar to 実力主義, emphasizing 'ability' or 'competence'. Slightly more formal or academic.
能力主義の社会では、個人の努力が報われる。
In a meritocracy, individual effort is rewarded.
Direct loanword from English. Used in academic or specialized contexts, but not widely understood in everyday conversation.
メリトクラシーは理想的な社会システムの一つとされる。
Meritocracy is considered one of the ideal social systems.
Describing an organization, person, or selection process that is based on merit.
Means 'depending on one's ability'. Commonly used to describe promotions or opportunities based on merit.
昇進は実力次第です。
Promotions are based on merit.
Means 'according to ability'. Used in contexts like pay or responsibilities.
給料は能力に応じて支払われる。
Salaries are paid according to ability.
Expressing that a system is not meritocratic, or criticizing the lack of merit-based advancement.
Means 'ability is not reflected'. Used to criticize systems where merit doesn't determine outcomes.
この組織では実力が反映されない。
In this organization, merit isn't reflected.
Refers to the seniority-based system, often contrasted with meritocracy. Useful when explaining the opposite concept.
日本の会社はまだ年功序列の傾向が強い。
Japanese companies still have a strong tendency toward seniority-based systems.
Both mean meritocracy, but 実力主義 emphasizes actual demonstrated ability or performance, while 能力主義 focuses more on inherent competence or potential. In most contexts, they are interchangeable.
The English word 'meritocracy' is not commonly used in everyday Japanese. Using the loanword メリトクラシー may not be understood. Stick to 実力主義 or descriptive phrases.