Translation guide
A projectile is an object thrown or fired through the air, such as a bullet, arrow, or thrown rock. In Japanese, the most common general term is 飛び道具, but more specific words are used depending on the context (weapons, physics, sports, etc.).
projectile (general)
Most common general term, especially for weapons.
projectile (bullet)
The speaker wants to refer to any object that is launched through the air, often in a historical or fantasy context (e.g., bows, slings, throwing knives).
The most common general term for projectile weapons or thrown objects. Often used in games, historical contexts, or fantasy settings.
Bows and arrows are typical projectile weapons.
A more technical or formal term for any projected object, including in physics contexts.
Literally 'flying object', often used for incoming projectiles like meteorites or debris, or in news reports.
Beware of flying objects.
The speaker is specifically referring to ammunition fired from guns or cannons.
Standard word for a bullet or shell. Can be used for both small arms and artillery.
The bullet penetrated the wall.
Specifically an artillery shell or cannonball.
Specifically a bullet from a gun (rifle or handgun).
The speaker is talking about objects thrown in sports like baseball, javelin, or shot put.
The speaker is discussing the motion of objects under the influence of gravity and air resistance.
The English loanword プロジェクタイル is rarely used and sounds unnatural. Stick to native Japanese terms.
Japanese often uses more specific words than the generic 'projectile'. If you know the type (bullet, arrow, rock), use the specific word for more natural Japanese.
投射物の軌道を計算する。
Calculate the trajectory of the projectile.
砲弾が要塞に命中した。
The shell hit the fortress.
銃弾が彼のヘルメットをかすめた。
The bullet grazed his helmet.
ピッチャーがボールを投げた。
The pitcher threw the ball.
飛翔体の速度を測定する。
Measure the velocity of the flying object.