Translation guide
The English phrase 'push out' can refer to physically forcing something outward, extruding or protruding, or metaphorically forcing someone or something out of a position or situation. This guide covers natural Japanese equivalents for each meaning.
To apply force to move an object away from oneself or out of a confined space.
The most direct equivalent for physically pushing something out. It combines 'push' (押す) and 'put out' (出す).
He pushed the door out.
Push the book out of the box.
Implies a more forceful, thrusting motion, like shoving or jabbing something out.
He stuck his head out the window.
To cause something to stick out or be forced out from a surface or opening.
Intransitive; describes something sticking out or protruding. Often used for objects jutting out.
A rock juts out into the sea.
Often used for something overhanging or projecting, like a balcony or a signboard.
Intransitive form of 押し出す, meaning to be pushed out or to protrude due to pressure. Less common.
The tooth was pushed out.
To oust, expel, or eject a person from a job, organization, or social circle.
Means to drive out or expel someone. Commonly used for kicking someone out of a room, group, or position.
He was pushed out of the company.
Can also be used metaphorically to mean forcing someone out, but 追い出す is more common for expulsion.
Literally 'shut out', used when someone is excluded or locked out of a group or place.
To force a thought or feeling out of one's consciousness.
押し出す (oshidasu) is primarily physical pushing out, while 追い出す (oidasu) is for expelling people or things from a place. For metaphorical 'pushing out' of a job, 追い出す is more natural.
I physically pushed him out of the room.
I kicked him out of the room.
Directly translating 'push out' as 押し出す may not work for all contexts. For example, 'push out a new product' is not 製品を押し出す but rather 新製品を発売する (release a new product). Always consider the intended meaning.
バルコニーが通りに張り出している。
The balcony juts out over the street.
Push someone out of the room.
新入社員が古参を押し出した。
The new employee pushed out the veteran.
彼は会議から締め出された。
He was pushed out of the meeting (excluded).
It's hard to push anxiety out of your heart.