Translation guide
The English verb "retract" covers several distinct actions: physically pulling something back, taking back a statement, or formally withdrawing an offer or claim. Japanese uses different verbs for each situation.
He retracted his statement.
The newspaper retracted the incorrect article.
Literally 'to overturn one's previous words.' Implies a dramatic reversal of what was said, often used when someone goes back on a promise or strong statement.
He retracted his earlier statement and said he would resign.
A more casual, everyday expression meaning 'to cancel what one said.' Often used in personal arguments or apologies.
I retract what I just said.
To draw something back into itself or back from where it was extended
Used for pulling back body parts (like a hand or head) or retractable objects (like claws or landing gear).
The cat retracted its claws.
Intransitive version: something retracts or goes back in by itself. Often used for things that automatically retract.
Technical term for retracting mechanical parts like landing gear or antennas into a storage compartment.
To officially take back something that was formally proposed or stated
Also used for formal withdrawals of offers, accusations, or legal claims. The same word as for retracting a statement, but context makes the meaning clear.
The company retracted its proposal.
The prosecution retracted the charges.
Specifically used for withdrawing a formal application, complaint, or legal document. Common in legal and bureaucratic contexts.
撤回する is the most general term for retracting statements, opinions, or formal proposals. 取り消す is more like 'cancel' or 'nullify' and is used for orders, reservations, or words spoken in anger. 取り下げる is specifically for withdrawing documents or legal actions.
cancel an order
withdraw a complaint
引っ込める only means physical retraction. Using it for retracting a statement would sound like you are physically pulling words back, which is unnatural.
The airplane retracted its landing gear.
The turtle's head retracted.
The pilot retracted the landing gear.
He retracted the lawsuit.