Translation guide
The English word 'ruling' can refer to an official decision by a court or authority, or to the act of governing. This guide focuses on the most common meaning for learners: an official decision or judgment.
The most common and general term for a court ruling or judgment. Used in legal contexts.
The court handed down a ruling of not guilty for the defendant.
The Supreme Court ruling is attracting attention.
Often used for rulings in arbitration, administrative decisions, or formal determinations by an authority. Slightly more formal than 判決.
We will comply with the ruling issued by the arbitrator.
A general term for 'decision' that can be used for official rulings, especially in non-court contexts like government agencies or committees.
The committee's ruling is final.
Means 'judgment' or 'decision'. Can be used for a ruling in a broad sense, but less specific to legal contexts. Often implies a personal or expert judgment.
We can only wait for the judge's ruling.
Referring to the exercise of authority or governance
Refers to rule, control, or domination. Often used for political or social control.
The country is under the ruling of a dictator.
Refers to governance or administration, often in a formal or political sense. Implies ruling over a territory.
判決 is specifically a court judgment. 裁定 is used for arbitration or administrative rulings. 決定 is a general decision that can be used for official rulings by committees or agencies.
English often uses 'ruling' as a noun (e.g., 'the court's ruling'). In Japanese, use the noun forms above. Do not try to directly translate the -ing form.
The judge's ruling was unexpected.
We are waiting for the final ruling.
British ruling of India lasted a long time.