Translation guide
The English word "vow" refers to a solemn promise or commitment. In Japanese, the most natural way to express this depends on the context: formal oaths, personal resolutions, or wedding vows each use different expressions.
To express a serious, often formal promise, such as an oath of loyalty or a pledge to do something.
A general noun for a vow or oath. Can be used in both formal and personal contexts.
He made a vow of loyalty.
A formal, often written pledge or covenant. Used in legal or official contexts.
They exchanged a vow to keep the secret.
A formal oath, especially in court or official ceremonies. Often used for legal or public declarations.
The witness took a vow to tell the truth.
To express a strong personal decision to do or not do something, like a New Year's resolution.
Also used for personal vows. Often combined with verbs like 立てる (to make a vow).
I made a New Year's vow.
Literally 'to vow in one's heart', used for silent, personal resolutions.
Verb pattern: 'to vow that...' or 'to vow to...'. The quoted part before と is the content of the vow.
The promises exchanged between partners during a wedding ceremony.
誓い (chikai) is a solemn, often lifelong vow, while 約束 (yakusoku) is a general promise or appointment. Use 誓い for serious commitments like oaths or wedding vows, and 約束 for everyday promises.
He made a vow to quit smoking.
He made a promise to meet tomorrow.
Using 誓い for a minor promise can sound overly dramatic or unnatural. Stick to 約束 for everyday situations.
I vow to always love you.
Common in wedding contexts.
I vowed to myself never to lie again.
He vowed that he would definitely succeed.
The bride and groom recited their vows.