空
empty, sky, void, vacant, vacuum
Readings
On'yomi
- クウ
Kun'yomi
- そら
- あ.く
- あ.き
- あ.ける
- から
- す.く
- す.かす
- むな.しい
Nanori
- うつ
- き
- く
Meaning
空 centers on the idea of emptiness or hollowness: a space that is vacant, a void, or the open sky. The meanings 'empty', 'vacant', and 'vacuum' are direct expressions of this emptiness, while 'sky' is the vast empty space above.
Most common words using 空
24 of 817- 空からN3
emptiness; being empty
- 空そらN5
sky; the air; the heavens
- 空気くうきN4
air; atmosphere
- 空間くうかんN2
space; room; airspace
- 空港くうこうN5
airport
- 航空こうくうN3
aviation; flying
- 空くすくN4
to become less crowded; to thin out; to get empty
- 空中くうちゅうN2
(in) the air; midair; sky
- 空母くうぼ
aircraft carrier
- 青空あおぞらN4
blue sky
- 航空機こうくうきN1
aircraft
- 上空じょうくうN1
sky; the skies; high-altitude sky; upper air
- 空軍くうぐんN1
air force
- 架空かくうN2
fictitious; imaginary; fanciful; fabricated
- 空腹くうふくN1
empty stomach; hunger
- 真空しんくうN2
vacuum
- 星空ほしぞら
starry sky
- 空手からてN1
karate
- 空きあきN3
space; room; gap; emptiness
- 空想くうそうN2
daydream; fantasy; fancy; vision
- 空白くうはくN1
blank space (in a document)
- 空襲くうしゅう
air-raid
- 空爆くうばく
aerial bombing
- 空っぽからっぽN2
empty; vacant; hollow
Study
Etymology
空 combines 穴 (hole, cavity) and 工, which likely acts as a phonetic component. The combination suggests a hollow space or emptiness.
Meaning mnemonic
A hole (穴) with a tool (工) inside: imagine a worker digging a hole, creating an empty space. That emptiness is the sky above or a vacant void.
Reading mnemonic
For クウ, picture a cool empty sky: cool -> クウ, and the vast blue emptiness stretches overhead.