夷
barbarian, savage, Ainu
Readings
On'yomi
- イ
Kun'yomi
- えびす
- えみし
- ころ.す
- たい.らげる
Nanori
- し
Meaning
夷 centers on the concept of an outsider or uncivilized person, historically used to refer to barbarians, savages, or specifically the Ainu people.
Most common words using 夷
20 of 68- 夷えびす
peoples formerly of northern Japan with distinct language and culture (i.e. the Ainu)
- 蝦夷えみし
Emishi; Ezo; non-Yamato peoples in northern Japan
- 攘夷じょうい
expulsion of foreigners
- 焼夷弾しょういだん
incendiary bomb; firebomb
- 辛夷こぶし
kobus magnolia (Magnolia kobus)
- 征夷大将軍せいいたいしょうぐん
commander-in-chief of the expeditionary force against the barbarians (beginning in 794 CE)
- 蝦夷鹿えぞしか
Hokkaido sika (Cervus nippon yesoensis); Yezo sika
- 東夷あずまえびす
warrior from the eastern parts of Japan
- 以夷制夷いいせいい
controlling foreigners by foreigners; playing one barbarian state against another
- 以夷攻夷いいこうい
controlling foreigners by foreigners; playing one barbarian state against another
- 優婆夷うばい
upasika (devout female lay follower of Buddhism)
- 勤王攘夷きんのうじょうい
loyalty to the emperor and expulsion of the foreigners
- 四夷しい
Four Barbarians (non-Chinese peoples bordering ancient China)
- 地火明夷ちかめいい
ming yi (hexagram 36 of the I Ching: darkening of the light)
- 夷い
barbarian
- 夷を以て夷を制すいをもっていをせいす
to control foreigners by foreigners; to play one barbarian state against another
- 夷人いじん
barbarian; savage
- 夷俗いぞく
barbaric custom; barbarian custom
- 夷俘いふ
Emishi allied with the central government (ritsuryō period)
- 夷則いそく
(in China) 9th note of the ancient chromatic scale (approx. A sharp)
Study
Etymology
夷 is thought to combine 大 (big) and 弓 (bow), possibly depicting a person with a bow, which was associated with foreign tribes. The exact historical development is uncertain.
Meaning mnemonic
A big 大 person holding a bow 弓 represents an outsider or barbarian from ancient times.
Reading mnemonic
For イ, imagine an eagle (イーグル) swooping down on a barbarian holding a bow: eagle -> イ.