斬
beheading, kill, murder
Readings
On'yomi
- ザン
- サン
- セン
- ゼン
Kun'yomi
- き.る
Meaning
斬 centers on killing by cutting, especially with a blade: beheading, murder, or execution. The idea is a decisive, violent severing.
Most common words using 斬
20 of 25- 斬るきるN2
to kill (a human) using a blade (sword, machete, knife, etc.); to slice (off); to lop (off); to cut (off)
- 斬新ざんしん
novel; original; new; innovative
- 斬ざん
beheading; decapitation
- 斬首ざんしゅ
decapitation
- 辻斬りつじぎり
attacking a passerby with a sword (to test its sharpness or one's skill); samurai who tries out his sword on a passerby
- 斬殺ざんさつ
killing with a sword (knife, dagger, etc.); slaying; putting to the sword
- なで斬りなでぎり
slashing (with the blade pressed against the object)
- メッタ斬りめったぎり
hacking to pieces
- 人斬りひときり
assassination; assassin
- 延髄斬りえんずいぎり
enzuigiri (attack that strikes the back of the head)
- 斬りかかるきりかかる
to assault with a sword; to stab at; to slash at
- 斬り合いきりあい
crossing swords; fighting with swords; cutting each other (in fighting)
- 斬奸ざんかん
killing a villain (with a sword, dagger, etc.)
- 斬奸状ざんかんじょう
letter explaining the reasons for cutting down an alleged villain; assassin's written vindication of his killing
- 斬撃ざんげき
slash; slashing attack
- 斬新奇抜ざんしんきばつ
novel; unconventional; cutting-edge
- 斬新性ざんしんせい
innovativeness; originality; innovation
- 斬罪ざんざい
(execution by) decapitation
- 斬鉄剣ざんてつけん
sword that cuts iron
- 斬首刑ざんしゅけい
decapitation
Study
Etymology
斬 combines 車 (vehicle, here likely representing a cart or wheel used in execution) and 斤 (axe), suggesting beheading or killing with an axe, possibly on a cart. The exact historical development is uncertain, but the component combination strongly points to execution by blade.
Meaning mnemonic
A cart (車) carries an axe (斤) to the execution ground. The axe falls, and the beheading is done.
Reading mnemonic
For ザン, imagine the executioner named Zan swinging the axe: Zan -> ザン, and the blade comes down on the cart.