謙
self-effacing, humble oneself, condescend, be modest
Readings
On'yomi
- ケン
Kun'yomi
- へりくだ.る
Nanori
- かね
- ゆずる
Meaning
謙 centers on lowering oneself in speech or attitude: being self-effacing, humble, or modest, and sometimes condescending to meet others at their level.
Most common words using 謙
- 謙虚けんきょN2
modest; humble
- 謙遜けんそんN2
modesty; humility; being humble
- 謙譲けんじょう
modesty; humility
- 謙るへりくだるN1
to deprecate oneself and praise the listener; to abase oneself
- 地山謙ちざんけん
qian (hexagram 15 of the I Ching: modesty)
- 恭謙きょうけん
modesty; humility
- 謙抑けんよく
humbling oneself
- 謙称けんしょう
self-deprecating term; humble way of referring to oneself, one's abilities, one's possessions, etc.
- 謙譲の美徳けんじょうのびとく
modest virtue
- 謙譲語けんじょうご
humble language (e.g. itadaku)
- 謙譲語Iけんじょうごいち
humble language in which the listener (or a third party) is the indirect object of an action (or the recipient of an object, etc.)
- 謙譲語IIけんじょうごに
humble language in which an action or object is not directed toward the listener (or a third party); humble language used as a courtesy
- 謙辞けんじ
modest word; humble language
- 謙遜語けんそんご
humble language
Study
Etymology
謙 combines 言 (speech) with 兼, which likely contributes the sound and the idea of holding back or combining, suggesting restrained or humble speech.
Meaning mnemonic
Words (言) combined with restraint (兼) create a humble tone. Picture someone speaking with a hand over their heart, modestly lowering their words.
Reading mnemonic
For ケン, imagine a humble person named Ken who always speaks modestly: Ken -> ケン, and his words (言) are always self-effacing.