noun
Refers to a state where the number of people exceeds the capacity of an area or resources.
その国は人口過剰に悩んでいる。
That country is suffering from overpopulation.
過密 means 'overcrowded' or 'congested', often used for physical spaces like cities or trains, while 人口過剰 specifically refers to an excess of population relative to resources or capacity.
Compound of 人口 (population) and 過剰 (excess, surplus).