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Kotomora

剰

surplus, besides

JLPTN1StatusJōyō · secondary schoolFrequencyTop 2,000Strokes11

Readings

On'yomi

  • ジョウ

Kun'yomi

  • あまつさえ
  • あま.り
  • あま.る

Meaning

剰 centers on something left over beyond what is needed: a surplus, an extra amount, or something besides the main part.

Most common words using 剰

20 of 53
  • 過剰かじょう
    N2

    excess; surplus; superabundance; overabundance

  • 余剰よじょう

    surplus; remainder; residue; margin; balance

  • 剰余じょうよ

    surplus; balance; remainder

  • 剰余金じょうよきん

    surplus; balance

  • ビタミン過剰症ビタミンかじょうしょう

    hypervitaminosis

  • 人口過剰じんこうかじょう

    overpopulation

  • 余剰人員よじょうじんいん

    excess personnel; redundant staff

  • 余剰牌よじょうはい

    surplus tile; tile that has become unnecessary to the advancement of a hand, particularly at the moment tenpai is attained

  • 供給過剰きょうきゅうかじょう

    oversupply (of goods, etc.); excessive supply

  • 出生過剰しゅっしょうかじょう

    excessive birth (rate)

  • 剰余価値じょうよかち

    surplus value (in Marxian economics)

  • 剰余労働じょうよろうどう

    surplus labor

  • 剰余検査じょうよけんさ

    modulo N check; residue check

  • 剰余類じょうよるい

    coset; residue class

  • 剰費じょうひ

    unnecessary expenses

  • 剰銭じょうせん

    remaining money; change

  • 卵巣過剰刺激症候群らんそうかじょうしげきしょうこうぐん

    ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; OHSS

  • 平方剰余へいほうじょうよ

    quadratic residue

  • 平方剰余の相互法則へいほうじょうよのそうごほうそく

    law of quadratic reciprocity

  • 意識過剰いしきかじょう

    hyperconsciousness; too great a sense (of); something being only one's imagination; letting imagination run away with one

Explore all words using 剰 →

Study

Etymology

剰 combines 乗 (ride, mount) with 刂 (knife). The historical development is uncertain, but it likely relates to the idea of something being carried or added, leading to surplus.

Meaning mnemonic

Imagine riding (乗) with a knife (刂) in your belt, and you have an extra one besides the one you're using—that's your surplus.

Reading mnemonic

For ジョウ, picture a surplus of Joe's belongings: Joe -> ジョウ, and he has more than he needs.