surplus value
Technical term in Marxian economics referring to the value created by workers beyond the cost of their labor, appropriated by capitalists.
In Marxian economics, surplus value is considered the source of the capitalist's profit.
付加価値 (added value) is a general economic term for the value added at each stage of production, while 剰余価値 specifically refers to the Marxian concept of value extracted from labor beyond wages.
Compound of 剰余 (surplus) and 価値 (value), likely a calque from German 'Mehrwert' used in Marxian economics.