General term for an amount left over after needs are met, or the balance remaining. Used in economic, financial, and everyday contexts.
Mathematical term for the amount left over after division.
A surplus arose in this fiscal year's budget.
Calculate the surplus by subtracting expenses from income.
When you divide 10 by 3, the remainder is 1.
surplus; balance
coset; residue class
surplus value
surplus labor
modulo N check; residue check
quadratic residue
Compound of 剰 (surplus, excess) and 余 (remainder, extra). The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the kanji combination directly conveys the meaning of an amount left over.